International scholars argue that the entities designing rules and regulations within the WTO, primarily the United States and the European Union, wield considerable influence. Leftist scholars describe the WTO as a ‘soft war’ pursued by Westerns, particularly the U.S. and the U.K., to unlock the Chinese market to Western corporations. In contr
Following the Cold War, the U.S. further established the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the World Bank, collectively known as the liberal international order. GATT promoted trade, the IMF addressed payment issues, and the World Bank aimed to alleviate poverty. Together, they sought to foster international
In the healthcare sector, China’s reliance on the U.S. is primarily seen in high-end pharmaceuticals and medical equipment. Many advanced drugs, such as new cancer treatments and biopharmaceutical products, as well as medical devices, are still mainly supplied by the U.S. and other Western countries. Out of consideration for public health, China
“The reality is that neither Moscow nor Kyiv is ready to agree to a durable peace, as their positions are fundamentally irreconcilable,” Stanovaya wrote, adding that “the American initiative to broker a deal is doomed to fail — at least at this stage.” Kurt Volker, a former US ambassador to NATO who was Trump’s special representative fo
Artificial intelligence is an emerging source of productivity and economic growth that’s also reshaping employment and investment. AI has the potential to raise the average pace of annual global economic growth according to scenarios in our recent analysis, included in the IMF’s April 2025 World Economic Outlook. AI, however, needs more and mo